Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Before launching of SGL¬T-2 inhibitor, triple combination of TZD with metformin and DPP¬4 inhibitor was best option for delaying progression of diabetes by improving insulin resistance and secretory dysfunction. SGLT-2 inhibitor can be used as first combination therapy with metformin, but add on to any diabetic combination will be favorable in terms of body weight and cardiovascular risk reduction, especially in long duration of diabetes with relatively...

The DPP4 inhibitors that increase insulin secretion by glucose dependently can also relieve insulin resistance because they improve early phage insulin secretion and prevent late hyperinsulinaemia. It also can be more effective in controlling the blood glucose because it acts synergistically with metformin by improving insulin secretory dysfunction compared TZD with metformin that has similar action mechanism. One of those is gemigliptin that was developed in this country rece...

Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are found in fish oil and they have been shown to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms of which are not only improvement of triglycerides and various lipid parameters, but also beneficial effects on arrhythmia, inflammation. There are animal experimental results that omega-3 fatty acid can improve insulin resistance related to obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The mechanism can be activation of PPA...

Two years ago, we presented the short term 6 month results of metformin plus DPP-4 inhibitor combination therapy when we can’t reach the target below 7% of HgA1c with metformin plus pioglitazone combination that is best in terms of relieving insulin resistance in early diabetes.Switching the pioglitazone to the DPP-4 inhibitor that improves insulin secretory dysfunction can be the next useful step to attain glucose control goal and DPP-4 inhibitors ...

Before releasing of SGLT-2 inhibitor, triple combination of metformin, DPP-4 inhibitor and TZD except sulfonylurea was commonly used in our center because it could be best option for delaying progression of diabetes by improving both insulin resistance and secretory dysfunction. SGLT-2 inhibitor is commonly used and recommended as initial combination with metformin in most guidelines because of cardiovascular risk and weight reduction, but theoretically add on to above combina...

Background: There are a lot of painless thyroiditis cases without symptoms diagnosed on health check up or thyroid hormone screening, but there is a few data about it compared to much data about painful subacute thyroiditis. So, we collected data about diagnostic routes, laboratory and clinical characteristics of painless thyroiditis.Method: Painless thyroiditis patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2016 were reviewed. We defined painless thyroiditis as di...

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is explained by increment of insulin resistance and dysfunction of insulin secretion. If improvement of insulin resistance is not adequate in the early stage of diabetes especially in this country with more severe basal insulin secretion defect from the very beginning, diabetes rapidly progress to more aggressive stage with relative insulin deficiency. The most proper method of improving insulin resistance by prescription is metformin from t...